Thunderbolt™
Thunderbolt™ technology provides a fast interface solution for data transmission and peripheral connection. Thunderbolt™ is simple, faster and multifunctional.
InquiryAllion Lets Speed Do The Talking
Cable and connection technology is evolving at a fast rate. The advances relate to leaps of technological movement in other areas of consumer electronics. Modern technological development makes the need for cable technology further than the ordinary transfer of data to elevate user experiences through speed, security, power, display, and others.
Thunderbolt™ 4 Certification
Allion is authorized by Intel as one of the first test labs to provide certification testing for Thunderbolt™ products (Host). Intel first announced the 4th generation of Thunderbolt™ in 2019 and has officially opened certification testing of Thunderbolt™ 4 (Host) in Q2, 2020.
Thunderbolt™ 4 Structure
Thunderbolt™ 4 vs Thunderbolt™ 3 in terms of Host Products
The most significant difference between the Thunderbolt™ 4 host (Intel platform) and others is that the Intel Thunderbolt™4 Platform directly integrates Thunderbolt onto the CPU (SoC), while others still keep Thunderbolt™ IC discrete (Please refer to Table 1).
Table 1. Comparison between Thunderbolt™ 4 host and Thunderbolt™3
According to Table 1, if Thunderbolt™ 4 host products use the Intel Platform, signals are directly transmitted from the SOC. This poses a challenge for the layout of the motherboard if the trace length, which runs from Thunderbolt™ connector to CPU, needs to remain within 2 inches. In order to overcome the problem of trace length, a Re-timer is added between the CPU and Thunderbolt™ connectors to extend the signals.
Figure 1. Re-timer on Thunderbolt™ 4 Host
Re-timer IC contains CDR function, enabling simultaneous attenuation compensation while receiving and resending signals from the source. This CDR function can compensate the Thunderbolt™ trace length and effectively extend the signals.
Thunderbolt™ 4 Technologies
Thunderbolt™ 4 maintains the data rate at 40Gps, which is the same as Thunderbolt™ 3, but there is still a difference in the physical layers.
Thunderbolt™ 4, Thunderbolt™ 3, and USB4™
Next, we are going to address the difference between Thunderbolt™ 4, Thunderbolt™ 3, and USB4™ to clarify the confusion frequently asked by developers and users.
Table 2. Thunderbolt™ 3, Thunderbolt™ 4, and USB4™ Platform
Thunderbolt™ 4 Host Certification Process
Currently, Thunderbolt™ 4 host can undergo the official certification as long as the platform uses the CPU with QS stepping. The certification process is completely the same as Thunderbolt™ 3.
Figure 2. Thunderbolt™ 4 Certification Flow
Allion now offers Thunderbolt™ 4 Host Certification
Allion currently provides Thunderbolt™ 4 host and device certification testing. Well-trained engineers and testing instruments are ready to provide the services for our customers.
Thunderbolt™ 4 Host Testing services include Electrical Validation (EV) & Functional Validation (FV) to validate signal integrity and interoperability of your products, respectively.
- Electrical Validation (EV)
- Stage 1. Pre-EV
- Stage 2. EV Cert (CIO)
- Functional Validation (FV)
Thunderbolt™ 3 | Thunderbolt™ 4 |
CIO Phy | CIO Phy (New!) |
USB3.X Phy | USB3.X Phy |
USB2 Phy | USB2 Phy |
DP Phy | DP Phy |
TBT3 Power | TBT4 Power (New!) |
PD3.0 | PD3.0 |
TBT3 Topologies | TBT4 Topologies | Cables | Scenarios |
TBT3 SPD | TBT3 SPD | Passive 40G | Plug/Unplug |
TBT3 BPD | TBT3 BPD | Passive 20G | SX |
USB3.X | USB3.X | Active TBT3 | P2P |
USB2 | USB2 | Active TBT4 (New!) | NVM Update |
eGFX | eGFX | Extended Tests | |
Monitors | Monitors | ||
TBT4/USB4 (New!) |
Pre-EV | EV Certification | FV Certification |
. USB3.X PHY(TX, RX) | . TBT TX | . TBT BIOS |
. USB2.0 Electrical | . TBT RX | . Basic Host Functionality |
. DP PHY (DP TX ALT Mode) | . Return Loss | . HDP |
. USB-PD | . System | |
. TBT Power | . Docking | |
. RTD3 Support | ||
. Interoperability |
*Official test specifications are available
With Allion’s Thunderbolt™ 4 certification program and consulting service, we verify and validate cable devices against interoperability and compliance requirements of Thunderbolt™ 4 for:
- Thunderbolt™ Certification: Through validation according to necessary compliance specifications.
- Thunderbolt™ Pre-compliance Test: We help our customers perform pre-compliance tests which is a type of informal (sample) test before the actual certification test to identify potential issues or risks during certification.
- Interoperability Test: For full compatibility with Thunderbolt and other devices.
Allion performs Thunderbolt™ testing services to verify and certify the device is compatible with a variety of Thunderbolt devices. Our test covers appliances, devices, and hosts with a variety of test categories on platform EQ, electrical validation, and functional validation.
USB4™ Host Certification
Thunderbolt™ 4 and USB4™ interfaces are compatible in terms of the physical layer, but the two interfaces are certified by different standard associations. The following table shows the requirements for the two interfaces.
Certification Requirement between Thunderbolt™ 4 and USB4™ Host
Thunderbolt™ 4 Device Certification
Allion is one of the first labs in the world to provide the certification of Thunderbolt™ 4 hosts and devices. Allion will be providing the full test service as well, please contact us at service@allion.com for more information regarding Thunderbolt™ 4 certifications.
Thunderbolt™ Certification Program
Thunderbolt™ Certification Testing
The Thunderbolt™ Certification Program aims to assist manufacturers in the design and development of devices that comply with Thunderbolt specifications. We provide compliance tests, performance tests, and other validations to ensure that Thunderbolt products create exceptional user experience through high-speed transmission and OS interoperability.
Thunderbolt™ Pre-compliance Test
Prior to the actual certification test, Allion assists customers in performing pre-test services to provide understanding of how a product measures against the actual certification test. With the same test environment and procedures as the actual certification test, our Thunderbolt technical consultants discover errors, find causes, and propose solutions to your product issues as well as facilitate the submission of certification applications.
Interoperability Test
In addition to standard certification tests, we can also provide you with the most comprehensive interoperability test services for different Thunderbolt™ devices, ensuring that your product is fully compatible with other Thunderbolt devices.
Appliances
- Host
- Motherboard
- Laptop
- Add-In Card
- All In One system
- Device
- Storage-Based Device
- Laptop
- Windows Device
- Connector
Test Coverage
- Pre-EV Tests – Host
- X Phy
- DP Phy
- Electrical Validation – Host
- CIO TX
- CIO RX
- CIO Return Loss
- USB-PD
- TBT Power
- Functional Validation – Host
- Windows FV CTS
- Pre-EV Tests – Device
- All the related electrical tests (USB, DP, HDMI, RJ45, SD)
- Power related
- Electrical Validation – Device
- CIO TX
- CIO RX
- CIO Return Loss
- USB-PD
- TBT Power
- PHY
- DP PHY
- Functional Validation – Device
- Mac FV CTS & Windows FV CT
For more inquiries about the Thunderbolt™ testing service, please contact us.